Google's AlphaEarth AI Maps Any 10-Meter Area on Earth Using Satellite Data

Google today announced AlphaEarth Foundations, a new AI model that processes terabytes of daily satellite data to track environmental changes across the planet. The system, part of Google's broader Earth AI initiative, uses machine learning to compress satellite imagery into color-coded maps showing material properties, vegetation types, groundwater sources, and human constructions down to 10-meter resolution.

The model uses a technique called 'embeddings' that reduces storage requirements by 16 times compared to other AI tools Google tested, while delivering 23.9% higher accuracy than similar systems. AlphaEarth has already mapped complex Antarctic terrain and identified variations in Canadian agricultural land use invisible to direct observation.

The technology currently powers flood and wildfire alerts in Google Search and Maps. Research organizations including Brazil's MayBiomas and the Global Ecosystems Atlas are using the system to analyze rainforests, deserts, and wetlands. The model integrates with Google Earth Engine, providing agencies like NASA and the Forest Service access to over one trillion annual data points for environmental monitoring and mapping applications.

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