How to convert images to vector graphics

Converting images into vector graphics or creating vector graphics is particularly useful if you need graphics for logos, illustrations, or print templates. While conventional image formats such as JPG and PNG can lose quality, vector graphics can be enlarged to any size without losing sharpness or detail. Whether you want to create an SVG file or simply convert a PNG to a SVG, we’ll help you find the right solutions for creating a vector graphic.

Further reading: How to create custom Windows icons from your own images

What is a vector graphic?

A vector graphic is not based on pixels, but on mathematical formulas that define lines, curves, and geometric shapes. This allows the graphic to be scaled as required without any loss of quality. Unlike raster graphics, which become blurred when enlarged, vector graphics always remain razor-sharp.

Vector graphics are also smaller files than raster graphics. However, not all graphics can be displayed in vectors, which is particularly difficult with complex images and photos.

How do I create a vector graphic?

To create a vector graphic, you need a special program that vectorizes image data. This means that the program converts the image information into lines and curves, which can then be scaled without loss. This can be done using both free tools and professional software.

Creating vector graphics with on-board tools on Windows — is it possible?

Windows doesn’t come with any specialized tools for creating or editing vector graphics. While programs such as Paint offer basic image editing functions, they’re only suitable for raster graphics.

Convert image to vector graphics with free software

One of the best open source programs for vector graphics is Inkscape. Inkscape offers impressive performance that can easily compete with paid programs such as Adobe Illustrator or Corel Draw. This is how it works:

Launch Inkscape and import the image you want to convert into a vector graphic.

Select the image and navigate to Path > Trace Bitmap. Here you can adjust the various settings to optimize the contours and details of the image to your liking.

Once the tracing is complete, you can save the file as an SVG format and have created a scalable vector graphic.

How do I create a vector graphic on my mobile phone?

Can you also create a vector graphic on your mobile phone? You sure can. You can do this with Adobe Illustrator Draw and the corresponding mobile phone app, for example. Adobe provides instructions here. You can also create vector graphics on your smartphone with Vector Ink or Inky.

Create vector graphics for free with online tools

If you want to convert an image to SVG, there are various free online tools that make this process quick and easy. Two of the most popular tools are FreeConvert and Convertio. Both websites offer simple conversion functions that do not require the installation of additional software. This is how it works:

Open the web tool page.

Upload your image (e.g. a JPG or PNG file).

Select the desired output format, in this case SVG.

Start the conversion process and then download your new SVG file.

How do I recognize whether a file is vectorized?

You can recognize a vectorized file by the fact that it can be enlarged or reduced without loss. Open the file in a graphics program such as Adobe Illustrator or Inkscape and zoom in. If no pixels are visible, it’s a vector graphic. In addition, vectorized files often have the file extension.svg,.eps, or.ai.




Comparison of image (left, pixels) and vector graphic (right, no pixels).




Comparison of image (left, pixels) and vector graphic (right, no pixels).
IDG

Comparison of image (left, pixels) and vector graphic (right, no pixels).
IDG


IDG

What are the vector graphic formats?

Vector graphics are usually saved in the following formats:

SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics): A widely used format for web applications.

EPS (Encapsulated PostScript): Ideal for professional printing.

AI (Adobe Illustrator): A proprietary format for Adobe products.

How do I convert a JPG into a vector graphic?

To convert a JPG into a vector graphic, programs such as Inkscape or web tools such as JPG2SVG and Convertio can help. These programs recognize the lines and shapes of the image and convert them into mathematical paths. The process can be optimized manually to ensure that all important details are retained.

Note: Canva can also convert images to SVG, but you will need a paid Pro account.

How do I convert a PNG to a vector graphic?

Similar to JPG, a PNG can also be converted to SVG. Use programs like Inkscape or online converters such as PNG2SVG. This is particularly useful for logos or graphics with a transparent background, as PNG supports transparency and this is transferred to the vector graphic.